Fig. 8: Cultural distances within and between communities in the EU ETS aggregate network for the Hofstede’s six cultural dimensions. | Nature Communications

Fig. 8: Cultural distances within and between communities in the EU ETS aggregate network for the Hofstede’s six cultural dimensions.

From: Carbon trade biases and the emerging mesoscale structure of the European Emissions Trading System network

Fig. 8

Blue bars represent within-community distances, while orange bars show between-community distances. The Power Distance Index (PDI) dimension is reported in (A), Individualism vs. Collectivism (IDV) in (B), Masculinity vs. Femininity (MAS) in (C), and the Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) in (D). E shows the Long-Term Versus Short-Term Orientation (LTO/LTOWVS) while Indulgence Versus Restraint (IVR) is shown in (F). The generally lower within-community distances across dimensions indicate that cultural similarities play a role in shaping the network’s community structure.

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