Fig. 8: Cultural distances within and between communities in the EU ETS aggregate network for the Hofstedeās six cultural dimensions.

Blue bars represent within-community distances, while orange bars show between-community distances. The Power Distance Index (PDI) dimension is reported in (A), Individualism vs. Collectivism (IDV) in (B), Masculinity vs. Femininity (MAS) in (C), and the Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) in (D). E shows the Long-Term Versus Short-Term Orientation (LTO/LTOWVS) while Indulgence Versus Restraint (IVR) is shown in (F). The generally lower within-community distances across dimensions indicate that cultural similarities play a role in shaping the networkās community structure.