Fig. 3: Stretching induced linear birefringence of the elastic polymer substrate and the modulated CD spectra.

a Experimental setup for measuring the transmission spectra of the stretching-state polymer film without AuNSs by placing it between a pair of orthogonal linear polarizers and analyzer. b The transmission spectra of linearly polarized light propagating through stretched films with different strain ratios. The stretching direction was set to 45° in relative to both the polarizer and analyzer. c Corresponding polarized optical microscope images of the stretched film, showing interference colors at varied strains. d–f Phase retardance of the stretched films with different strains (d), phase retardance at 880 nm (e), and birefringence (f), respectively. g–h Thickness modulated phase retardance (g) of the stretched films (with fixed strain of 0.2), and corresponding phase retardance at 880 nm (h). i Tunable CD spectra as a function of film thickness in the presence of plasmonic nanoparticle chains (with fixed substrate strain of 0.2, and chain assembly angle of 45°). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.