Fig. 4: Theoretical calculations of nucleation rates, electrical and mechanical properties of the Cu-0.2Be-1.0Ni-0.2Co alloy under different states.
From: Overcoming the trade-off between conductivity and strength in copper alloys through undercooling
a The heterogeneous nucleation rates of four correlative phases versus the undercooling ΔT of the liquid alloy. The inset is the local magnification in the experimental range of undercooling. b The electrical resistivity increases due to various scattering mechanisms under the as-cast and peak-aged states. c The comparison of electrical conductivities between the calculational and experimental results of the as-cast EML-200 and EMI-10 samples. The error bars represent the standard deviations. The inset shows the comparison of electrical conductivities between the calculational and experimental results of the peak-aged EML-200 and EMI-10 samples. d The variation in relative precipitation volume fraction (φ) with aging time (t) during the aging of the solution-treated EML-200 and EMI-10 samples at 450 °C. The inset shows the theoretical contributions of different strengthening sources to the total yield strengths of the peak-aged EML-200 and EMI-10 samples. The error bars represent the standard deviations of measured yield strengths. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
