Fig. 5: High PEC properties and stability of AlGaN/CuOx PEC PD.

a–c I–t curve and photocurrent density of AlGaN/CuOx PEC PD under different electrolyte concentration (0.1 M, 0.3 M, 0.5 M and 1 M; a scale bar, 20 μA cm−2) and bias voltage (−0.2 V, 0 V, 0.2 V,0.5 V and 0.8 V; b scale bar, 20 μA cm−2). d The rise and decay time for AlGaN/CuOx PEC PD. e The frequency response curve with −3 dB cut-off frequency. f Comparison of responsivity and response time between AlGaN and AlGaN/CuOx PEC PD. g In all, 50,000-s stability test of AlGaN/CuOx PEC PD.