Fig. 4: BBB penetration ability of Trojanbots in vitro.
From: A self-directed Trojanbot-enzymatic nanobot in neutrobot for active target therapy of glioblastoma
a Schematic illustration of the in vitro BBB model used to evaluate the potential BBB penetration abilities of GeNPs, CatNbots, Neutrophils, and Trojanbots, both in the presence and absence of fMLP. b–d CLSM images of the bEnd.3 cell layer (b), BBB layer (c), and GL261 cells (d). In the images, bEnd.3 cells were labeled with Dio, while GeNPs, CatNbots, Neutrophils, and Trojanbots were labeled with Dil. The nuclei of the GL261 cells were stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue). e–g The fluorescence statistics of the bEnd.3 monolayer, BBB layer, and GL261 cells layer, respectively (n = 3) (exact P value of e: GeNP vs. Trojanbot + fMLP P = 1.51E−8; exact P value of f: GeNP vs. Trojanbot + fMLP P = 2E−10, CatNbot vs. Trojanbot + fMLP P = 3E−10, Neutrophil vs. Trojanbot + fMLP P = 9.666E−7, Trojanbot vs. Trojanbot + fMLP P = 1.17148E−5; exact P value of g: GeNP vs. Trojanbot + fMLP P = 4.2E−9, CatNbot vs. Trojanbot + fMLP P = 1.25964E−5.) h The penetration ratio of different groups for 6 h (n = 3). (exact P value: GeNP vs. Trojanbot + fMLP P = 1.484E−7, CatNbot vs. Trojanbot + fMLP P = 1.731E−7, Trojanbot vs. Trojanbot + fMLP P = 1.484E−7). i–l The time-dependent penetration ratios of GeNPs (i), CatNbots (j), Neutrophils (k), and Trojanbots (l) with and without fMLP (10 nM, n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments (e–l). P-values are determined by one-way ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparisons tests in (e–h). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
