Fig. 5: NO3RR performance under ultralow NO3‒ concentrations.
From: Near-Unity Nitrate to Ammonia conversion via reactant enrichment at the solid-liquid interface
a NH3 yield rate and NH3 FE of catalysts in 10 mM NO3– electrolyte at various applied potentials. b I–V plots of catalysts in 0.5 M K2SO4 with 10 mM NO3‒ electrolyte at various potentials for 0.5 h electrolysis. c A summary of recent NO3RR works on NH3 yield rate, NH3 FE and current density under ultralow NO3‒ concentrations (NO3‒ concentration ≤ 10 mM)22,32,34,71,72. d EIS tested at −0.6 V versus RHE in 10 mM NO3– electrolyte. e NO3– removal in initial 0.5 M K2SO4 with 100 mM NO3– electrolyte at − 0.6 V versus RHE in H-cell reactor. After 3 h of electrolysis, only 0.54 mM of NO3––N. Insert was the enlarged vision within 3 h. f NO3RR performance stability over Ag-MoS2 measured in a 0.5 M K2SO4 with 10 mM NO3– electrolyte at − 0.6 V versus RHE. g Schematic of the ammonia product synthesis process from 100 mM NO3– electrolyte to NH4Cl at − 1.0 V versus RHE. h The conversion efficiency of different steps for the ammonia product synthesis process. Numbers on the x-axis indicated the corresponding conversion steps in panel (g). Error bars indicate the relative standard deviations of the mean (n = 3).
