Fig. 4: Catalytic performance of toluene oxidation.
From: Single-layer cluster ionic-chain networks with tetragonal pores

a Photographs of the product mixture after oxidation. The toluene conversion was catalyzed by Mn(H2PO4)2·2H2O crystals (left) and Mn-CIN (right) for 3 h at 50 °C. b The conversion rates of toluene catalyzed by Mn(H2PO4)2·2H2O crystals (), PW10Mn2 clusters (
), and Mn-CIN (
). Reaction conditions: 50 °C, 6 h. c The toluene conversion catalyzed by Mn-CIN at 50°C over 18 h. d Catalytic durability for Mn-CIN. Reaction conditions: 50 °C, 3 h. e The conversion rate of toluene oxidation for Mn-CIN at different temperatures for 3 h. f The toluene conversion rate of Mn-CIN compared with other reported systems for toluene oxidation.