Fig. 3: Analyses of gene expression induced by cis-OPDA in opr2-1opr3-3.

A Schematic representation of the experimental design to assess the conversion of deuterium-labeled cis-OPDA (cis-OPDA-d₅) to JA-d₅-Ile in 10-day-old wild-type (WT, Col-0) and opr2-1 opr3-3 double mutant seedlings. Seedlings were treated with 30 μM cis-OPDA-d₅ for 30 min, and the accumulation of JA-d₅-Ile was measured in pmol per gram fresh weight. Data are presented as mean ± SD, with n = 4 biologically independent samples per genotype. B–G Gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR in 10-day-old wild-type (WT, Col-0; white bars) and opr2-1 opr3-3 (blue bars) seedlings treated with 30 μM ( − )-JA, 30 μM cis-OPDA, or mock-treated for 30 min. Expression levels were normalized to UBQ10. Data are presented as mean ± SD, with n = 4 biologically independent samples per condition. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer post hoc test (two-sided). Different letters represent a significant difference at P < 0.05. The experiment was repeated independently three times with similar results.