Fig. 2: Projectile energy loss and KER spectra.

a Projectile energy loss spectrum for the proton transfer channel H3O+ + C4H4N+. The vertical dashed line represents the double-ionization threshold of the hydrated pyrrole complex. b, c Measured and (d, e) calculated KER for the proton transfer channel H3O+ + C4H4N+. The solid (b) and hollow dots (c), as well as solid (d) and hollow (e) bars, represent the results of electron-impact and laser experiments, AIMD and CASPT2 theoretical calculations43, respectively. Error bars in (a–c) represent statistical standard deviation (s.d.), and were calculated by the square root of the true coincidence counts. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.