Fig. 2: Molecular force of infection and number of malaria treatments in participants of all ages in 2011.

a Each point represents a molFOI value for each of the 464 participants over the 2011 season. The x-axis groups participants by age, aiming for similar sized age groups for comparisons. We found no significant association between age and molFOI (quasi-Poisson regression, two-sided t test; t(462) = 1.78, P = 0.077, β = 0.014 [95% CI: −0.0014 to 0.029]). b Each point represents the number of treatments a participant received for symptomatic disease over the 2011 season for each of the 464 participants. The x-axis matches that in part a. We found a significant negative association between age and number of treatments (quasi-Poisson regression, two-sided t test; t(462) = −3.40, P = 0.00073, β = −0.02 [95% CI: −0.036 to −0.0096]). In both plots, violin plots represent the density distributions, with horizontal lines at the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles. CI confidence interval, molFOI molecular force of infection.