Fig. 4: Temperature dependence experiments.
From: Nonlocal electrical detection of reciprocal orbital Edelstein effect
a–c Typical signals for RDOEE (a), \({R}_{{{{\rm{DOEE}}}}}^{(0)}\) (b), and RNLSV (c) at 300 K (black squares) and 50 K (green circles). RDOEE and \({R}_{{{{\rm{DOEE}}}}}^{(0)}\) signals decrease with lower temperatures, while RNLSV signals increase as the temperature decreases. The double-headed arrows in b, c indicate the definition of \(2\Delta {R}_{{{{\rm{DOEE}}}}}^{(0)}\) and 2ΔRNLSV. The insets in a–c represent the measurement configuration, respectively. a–c tCu = 40 nm and FM = Co25Fe75. d Temperature dependence results of \(2{\Delta R}_{{{{\rm{DOEE}}}}}^{(0)}\) (open diamond markers with green color, left y axis) and 2ΔRDOEE (circle and triangle markers filled with other colors, right y axis). The error bars indicate the standard deviation of R in the plateau. The results are measured in samples with tCu = 40 nm and FM = Co25Fe75. All the \(2{\Delta R}_{{{{\rm{DOEE}}}}}^{(0)}\) and 2ΔRDOEE decrease with lowering temperature. e Summarized temperature dependence results of 2ΔRNLSV with Co25Fe75 (open blue squares) and Ni81Fe19 (open red circles). The error bars indicate the standard deviation of RNLSV in the plateau. 2ΔRNLSV increases with lowering temperature. The spacing distance between two FM nanowires is dNLSV = 400 nm for both Ni81Fe19 and Co25Fe75 samples (Methods). The opposite temperature dependence on the behaviors of DOEE (d) and NLSV (e) implies distinct physics between orbital accumulation and spin accumulation.
