Fig. 1: Schematic illustration of biosynthesis and antitumor therapy of FeS@SRB.

A One-step biosynthesis of FeS@SRB using SRB as a biofactory through self-mineralization. B Mechanism of chemodynamic/photothermal synergistic therapy. FeS@SRB utilized intrinsic anaerobic properties to actively target tumors, which were then partially endocytosed by the tumor cells and released Fe2+ in the acidic tumor microenvironment, which triggered a Fenton reaction to induce a large amount of •OH generation to kill tumor cells. Concurrently, FeS@SRB generated a significant thermal effect under NIR laser irradiation to destroy tumor cells and further enhance oxidative stress and ferroptosis, significantly inhibiting tumor growth. Images were provided by Servier Medical Art (https://smart.servier.com/), licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), and created in BioRender. Dong, M. (2025) https://BioRender.com/3s641u7.