Fig. 4: Metabolic engineering of yeast for producing the key intermediate 24-methyldesmosterol (2).

a Yeast engineering strategy to divert flux from ergosterol (5) biosynthesis to 24-methyldesmosterol (2). b GC-MS total ion current chromatograms showing production of 24-methyldesmosterol (2) and the shunt product ergosta-5,7,24-trien-3β-ol (6) in engineered yeast strain KMY23. c Comparison of electron impact mass spectra of ergosta-5,7,24-trien-3β-ol (6) and related compounds as TMS ethers supporting the proposed structure of 6. d Further yeast engineering to improve 24-methyldesmosterol (2) production. The bar plot shows means ± SD and data points of three independently grown yeast cultures. DCW: Dry cell weight. Budding_yeast icon by umasstr (https://github.com/umasstr) is licensed under CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) and was used without modifications. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.