Fig. 2: EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titers are a biomarker for the future diagnosis of MS. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titers are a biomarker for the future diagnosis of MS.

From: Early identification of individuals at risk for multiple sclerosis by quantification of EBNA-1381-452-specific antibody titers

Fig. 2

A Illustration of the included time points. EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titers were quantified from N = 324 MS patients and N = 324 controls at the time point of EBV seroconversion, median 8.9 months after EBV seroconversion (time point 1), median 17.8 months after EBV seroconversion (time point 2), median 26.9 months after EBV seroconversion (time point 3), median 36 months after EBV seroconversion (time point 4), and at the MS diagnosis or a matched time point for controls (median 97.2 months after EBV seroconversion). Created in BioRender. Vietzen, H. (https://BioRender.com/o5v1dep). (B) EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titers from individual MS patients (N = 324) and controls (N = 324) are shown for each individual time point. Boxes represent the mean EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titer for each individual time point. EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titers were compared between individual MS patients and controls for each individual time point using two-sided ANOVA and Dunn’s post-hoc test. C Distribution of high-level (OD ≥ 1.7), low level (OD ≤ 1.69 – ≥0.32), and absent (OD ≤ 0.31) EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titers is shown for each individual time point. The frequency of high-level, low level, and absent EBNA-1381-452-specific antibody titers was compared using the Chi-square test. D Forest plot for the discrimination of MS patients and controls based on the EBNA-1381-452-specific antibody titers: For each individual time point, the number of MS patients and controls with high-level EBNA-1381-452-specific antibody titers was compared to MS patients and controls with low-level and absent EBNA-1381-452-specific antibody titers (Fig. 2C) using the Fisher’s exact test. The individual ORs (±95% CI) for each comparison is shown Source data are provided as a Source Data file. EBNA-1: Epstein–Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen 1, EBV: Epstein-Barr virus, MS: Multiple Sclerosis, OR: Odds Ratio, T: Time point.

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