Fig. 4: EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titers increase before the axonal damage in MS patients. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titers increase before the axonal damage in MS patients.

From: Early identification of individuals at risk for multiple sclerosis by quantification of EBNA-1381-452-specific antibody titers

Fig. 4

EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titers, plasma NfL and plasma GFAP concentrations were quantified from N = 324 MS patients and N = 324 controls at the time point of EBV seroconversion, median 8.9 months after EBV seroconversion (time point 1), median 17.8 months after EBV seroconversion (time point 2), median 26.9 months after EBV seroconversion (time point 3), and median 36 months after EBV seroconversion (time point 4). Plasma (A) NfL and (B) GFAP concentrations from individual MS patients and controls are shown for each individual time point. Boxes represent the mean (A) NfL and (B) GFAP concentration for each individual time point. Plasma (A) NfL and (B) GFAP concentrations were compared between the groups using two-sided ANOVA and Dunn’s Post-Test. C, D Plasma (C) NfL and (D) GFAP concentrations were compared between controls and MS patients with 0/4, 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, and 4/4 time points with high-level (OD ≥ 1.7) EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody titers using two-sided ANOVA and Dunn’s Post-Test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.EBNA-1: Epstein–Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen 1, EBV: Epstein-Barr virus, GFAP: Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, MS: Multiple Sclerosis, NfL: Neurofilament Light Chain, T: Time point.

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