Fig. 2: Characterization of rGQDs/AKR.

a Schematic illustration for the synthesis of rGQDs/AKR, (b) CLSM image of rGQDs/AKR stained with FITC (λEX = 488 nm), (c) AFM image and (d) EDS element mappings of rGQDs/AKR, (e) XPS spectra: C1s spectra of rGQDs, rGQDs/AKR. (f) PL spectra of rGQDs, rGQDs/AKR with 980 nm excitation, (g) UV-Vis-NIR spectra of rGQDs, rGQDs/AKR, (h) Band structures of rGQDs, rGQDs/AKR, (i) EPR spectra of hydroxyl radicals.