Fig. 3: Lewis acid–base reaction between multivalent metal ions and PSs. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: Lewis acid–base reaction between multivalent metal ions and PSs.

From: Interconvertible and rejuvenated Lewis acidic electrolyte additive for lean electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries

Fig. 3

a UV-vis spectra of electrolytes from the coin cells (E/S = 4 μL mg−1) after being discharged to 2.1 V. b Correlation between the pKa value of the metal cation24 and the UV-vis absorbance at 425 nm (corresponding to S42−) in electrolytes containing Lewis acidic additives after discharge to 2.1 V. We conducted the test using four cells for each electrolyte to assess reproducibility. Error bars denote the standard deviation from measurements obtained from four independent coin cells. The data are presented as mean values ± standard deviation. c Coordination of Li+-S42− and fraction of Ca2+-complexed S42− as a function of Ca(OTf)2 concentration. d Illustration of the evolution of the solvation structure under lean electrolyte conditions.

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