Fig. 5: Regional climate and land use records.
From: Ecological legacies and recent footprints of the Amazon’s Lost City
Comparisons of patterns found in the Cormorán sediment core with Pumacocha δ18O isotopic data29, and fossil maize pollen from Lakes Kumpaka 23 and Ayauchi 52, Ecuador. The non-pioneer forest pollen curve is a recalculation of all non-pioneer forest pollen, i.e., it excludes Alnus and Cecropia. Black outlined maize circles are from phytoliths, non-outlined are from pollen. Gray maize circles indicate possible slash-and-mulch cultivation (i.e., no charcoal was found in the sample), and black circles indicate possible slash-and-burn cultivation (i.e., charcoal was found in the sample) in the catchment. The pink box highlights our inference for Upano modification around Lake Cormorán. The gray box highlights the Huapula period (23). Purple line marks the 1 cm ashfall of 1285 CE.
