Fig. 1: Comparison of Vickers indentation and nanoindentation and the determination of oxygen vacancy concentration. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Comparison of Vickers indentation and nanoindentation and the determination of oxygen vacancy concentration.

From: Oxygen vacancy-induced strengthening and toughening in (K,Na)NbO3-based piezoceramics revealed via nanoindentation

Fig. 1

a Micrographs of Vickers indent and b nanoindentation indents (Berkovich type) on the surface of [(K0.43Na0.57)0.94Li0.06][(Nb0.94Sb0.06)0.95Ta0.05]O3 (abbreviated as KNLNST). c Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image depicting the enlarged view of a nanoindentation indent in (b). d Qualitative analysis on oxygen vacancy concentration of KNLNST-xCuO through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and e Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum of KNLNST-xCuO.

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