Fig. 1: March5 expression is crucial for maintaining glucose homeostasis.

a–d Immunofluorescence (IF) staining, Western blotting, and qPCR analyses of March5 and insulin expression in islets from human individuals with different ages. Scale bar, 50 μm. N = 5 per group (a, b). N = 3 biologically independent samples (c, d). e Expression of MARCH5 and INSULIN genes in β-cell of non-diabetic (Non-DM) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. f, g IF staining and quantitative data of pancreatic sections derived from 3-month-old March5 cKO or CON mice with an anti-March5 and anti-Insulin antibody. Scale bar, 50 μm. h Growth curve of male mice. i Glucose tolerance test (GTT). 10-week-old male mice were subjected to GTT assay. j Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated based on the data presented in (i). N = 7 for CON group and N = 8 for cKO group (f–j). k In vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assay (GSIS). 12-week-old male mice were subjected to GSIS. N = 7 per group. l Growth curve of male mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). N = 7 per group. m GTT. 18-week-old male mice (treated with HFD for 12 weeks) were subjected to GTT. n Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated based on the data presented in (m). N = 8 for CON group and N = 9 for cKO group (m, n). o GSIS. 20-week-old male mice (fed a HFD for 14 weeks) were subjected to GSIS. N = 7 per group. p Growth curve of male mice. q GTT. 10-week-old male mice were subjected to GTT. r AUC was calculated based on the data presented in (q). s GSIS. 14-week-old male mice were subjected to GSIS. N = 5 for each group (p–s). Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (s.d). Data were analyzed by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-tests for comparisons between two groups and one-way ANOVA for multiple groups, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.