Fig. 1: Adoptive polyclonal Treg cell transfer promotes Th17 cell generation in IBD.

Rag1^−/− mice were intravenously injected with CD45.2⁺CD4⁺CD25^-CD45RB^hi T cells, with or without CD45.1⁺CD4⁺CD25⁺ Tregs, and then observed for the development of colitis. A Weight changes of Rag1^−/− mice post T cell transfer. B Representative histology images of colon sections. Scale bars, 500 μm. C Total Immune cell numbers in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and colon tissues of indicated mice. D Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) plot of all immune cells colored by cell types. E Fraction of different immune cell types in indicated mice. F UMAP plot of all T cells colored based on cell type. G Fraction of different cell types among all T cells in the indicated mice. H, I Flow cytometry analysis of frequencies of total CD4⁺IL-17⁺ Th17 cells. J Frequencies of CD45.1⁺Th17 cells (black box) and CD45.2⁺Th17 cells (gray box) among total Th17 cells in the spleen, MLN and colon tissues of the Treg cell therapy group. K, L Flow cytometry to detect the frequencies of CD45.2⁺CD4⁺IL-17⁺ T cells (K) and CD45.2⁺CD4⁺RORγt⁺ T cells (L) in CD45.2⁺CD4⁺ cells. Sample sizes: (A, C, I, J, K and L) n = 3 mice per group. Data are representative of two independent experiments. Statistical testing by two-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons test (A) or unpaired two-tailed Student’s t tests (C, I, J, K and L). Summary data are presented as mean ± SEM. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.