Fig. 6: Light-injection induced dissipation and their energy scales.

a The double-occupied (at the energy ε_d,a + U_a) and the higher energy states (at the energy ε_f,a) are coupled by the injection of a resonant laser hν = ε_f,a − (ε_d,a + U_a). The higher-energy state dissipates with the rate Γ_f,a. The localized electrons are typically in a single-occupied state but may virtually excite once in a while to a double-occupied state via the c-d mixing v_a. Note that no electrons decay in the absence of c-d mixing v_a = 0 because they are always in the single-occupied state. b Localized spin picture obtained after projecting out the double-occupied states (see Eq. (5)). In this picture, one finds that the effective transfer rate from the localized electron to the higher-energy state is given by \({\gamma }_{a}\approx {\kappa }_{a}| {v}_{a}{| }^{2}/{U}_{a}^{2}\). We require γ_a ≪ Γ_f,a to justify the Markov approximation.