Fig. 1: Schematic illustration of the synthesis process of FBFO@HM@aOPN NPs and the treatment mechanism for immune-remodelled photodynamic therapy against GBM in vivo. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Schematic illustration of the synthesis process of FBFO@HM@aOPN NPs and the treatment mechanism for immune-remodelled photodynamic therapy against GBM in vivo.

From: Bioengineered hybrid dual-targeting nanoparticles reprogram the tumour microenvironment for deep glioblastoma photodynamic therapy

Fig. 1

a Schematic diagram of the synthetic route of FBFO NPs. b Preparation of a prokaryotic-eukaryotic hybrid vesicle membrane (HM) formed by the fusion of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and M1 macrophage-derived exosomes (M1EVs). c Preparation of anti-OPN (aOPN) attached to a pH-sensitive benzoic acid‒imide bond. d Schematic illustration of FBFO@HM@aOPN NPs for immunity-remodelled photodynamic therapy against GBM in vivo.

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