Fig. 5: Tumour suppression in a 3D tumour spheroid model. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Tumour suppression in a 3D tumour spheroid model.

From: Bioengineered hybrid dual-targeting nanoparticles reprogram the tumour microenvironment for deep glioblastoma photodynamic therapy

Fig. 5

a CLSM image of the killing of CT2A GBM cells (red) by repolarized M1 macrophages (green). Scale bar, 100 μm. b Flow cytometry analysis of the killing of CT2A GBM cells by repolarized M1 BMDMs (n = 3 independent experiments). Schematic illustration of in vitro three-dimensional (3D) tumour model (c) preparation and (d) potential for assessing the penetration effect. e Z-stack CLSM images of the penetration of Cy5.5-labelled FBFO NPs in CT2A-BMDM multicellular spheroids after 6 h of incubation. Scale bar, 250 μm. f Z-stack CLSM images of CT2A-BMDM multicellular spheroids (MCTSs) dyed with hypoxia green reagent to indicate the degree of hypoxia. Scale bar, 250 μm. g Representative photographs of MCTSs at a certain time (left) and the volume histogram of MCTSs treated with different formulations on day 7 (right, n = 3 independent experiments). Scale bar, 200 μm. h Flow cytometry analysis of the proportions of CD206+ BMDMs in MCTSs treated with different formulations under 660 nm irradiation (n = 3 independent experiments). i Secreted IFN-β, IL-6, TNF-α, CCL5 and CXCL10 concentrations in the cell culture supernatants of MCTSs subjected to various treatments, as measured by ELISA (n = 3 independent experiments). All the data are presented as the means ± SDs. The p values were determined via two-tailed one-way ANOVA with a Tukey post hoc test (b, g–i), p > 0.05, no significance (ns), *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; and ****p < 0.0001. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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