Fig. 4: Regional patterns of submesoscale vertical buoyancy and heat transport.
From: Observed regimes of submesoscale dynamics in the Southern Ocean seasonal ice zone
Mean (a) mixed-layer depth, (b) lateral buoyancy gradient, (c) equivalent buoyancy flux (QMLE) and (d) heat flux (QVHF) associated with mixed-layer eddies. Averages calculated from all seal data (2004–2024) in 2° × 5° latitude-longitude boxes.
