Fig. 3: Operando UV-vis results of EDH on ZrO2-based catalysts.

a–d Operando UV-vis spectra and corresponding fitted results. e–h Temporal evolution of different normalized peak areas. i–l Temporal evolution of subband δ area during EDH (Inverted triangles: experimental data, solid line: simulated results). EDH was performed at 700 °C using a feed containing 56 vol% C2H6 in Ar.