Fig. 4: Neuromorphic Twins for neuroengineering.
A Neuromorphic Twin at the preclinical level. This diagram illustrates the key components required to integrate Neuromorphic Twin technology with in vivo experiments in rodent models. Neural recordings are obtained from a specific brain area using an implanted Micro Electrode Array (MEA). The collected data creates a library of electrophysiological parameters necessary for designing the biomimetic SNN, which is then deployed into the Neuromorphic Twin. The Twin also contains the hardware needed to process neural signals in real time and can be periodically updated based on network dynamics adjustments from monitoring the animal’s activity and behavior. The output of the Neuromorphic Twin is a signal, or a combination of signals, coming from a subset of neurons of the biomimetic SNN, which serves as a trigger for delivering stimulation to the animal via a second implanted MEA. Modified from refs. 99,124. B Top Left. Schematic of a biohybrid interaction between a brain organoid and its artificial counterpart (i.e., biomimetic SNN). B Two connected organoids (Bottom Left) are placed over a planar high-density MEA. The Neuromorphic Twin (Right) allows the artificial communication between the two via a biomimetic SNN emulating one organoid, implemented thanks to the Bioemus framework99. Neural events of interest (e.g., synchronized spikes, network burst, or even single spikes) are used to trigger stimulation from the left (i.e., purple shaded) organoid to the SNN and from the SNN to the right (i.e., green shaded) organoid. B takes inspiration from ref. 99.
