Fig. 2: THFS and MTHFD1 control FOCM dynamics in a photoperiod-dependent way.

a, Representative pictures of 4-week-old m, mt, t and WT plants grown under SD, as well as leaf area quantification from automated phenotyping. Scale bars, 1 cm. The data are presented as mean values ± s.d. (n = 10). b, Distribution of mCG ratios in MET1-targeted gbM regions (n = 420) and CMT2-targeted regions (n = 1,623) in rosette leaves of m and WT plants grown under SD. The values were computed from per-site C/T counts binned into 100-bp windows and pooled across two biological replicates for each genotype. The box plots indicate the medians (centre lines), IQRs (boxes) and 1.5 × IQR (whiskers); the violin width reflects the kernel density. n indicates the number of regions. c, Transcript levels (ΔΔCt) of three marker loci for transcriptional silencing (SADHU3, ATCOPIA28 and SDC) that were analysed via reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT–qPCR). Plants were grown continuously under SD or shifted from SD to LD for 48 h before sampling at day 28 after germination. The data are presented as mean values ± s.d. (n = 3). The indicated P values are from two-sided Welch’s t-tests. d,e, Diurnal steady-state levels of target metabolites in leaves under LD (d) and SD (e). The grey shading depicts dark periods. The data are presented as mean values ± s.d. (n = 5). For glycine and homocysteine, values below the detection limit were treated as not available. The P values and sample sizes are provided in Supplementary Tables 12 and 13 for plants grown under LD and SD, respectively. FW, fresh weight. f,g, Steady-state levels of selected THF intermediates in leaves under LD (f) and SD (g). The grey shading depicts dark periods. The data are presented as mean values ± s.d. (n = 3). Values below the detection limit were treated as not available. The P values and sample sizes are provided in Supplementary Tables 12 and 13 for plants grown under LD and SD, respectively.