Fig. 5: Trends in LBMD burden among PMW across SDI regions from 1990 to 2021.

A–D EAPC of deaths (A), DALYs (B), YLDs (C), and YLLs (D) due to LBMD among PMW across five SDI regions (high, high-middle, middle, low-middle, and low SDI) between 1990 and 2021. E–H Temporal trends in ASR for deaths (E), DALYs (F), YLDs (G), and YLLs (H) from 1990 to 2021, stratified by SDI region. Each line represents a specific SDI category, demonstrating how the LBMD burden has evolved over time in different socioeconomic contexts.