Fig. 1: Oral microbes are involved in dysbiosis and microbial interactions during carcinogenesis. | npj Biofilms and Microbiomes

Fig. 1: Oral microbes are involved in dysbiosis and microbial interactions during carcinogenesis.

From: The dynamic oral–gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health: current evidence and disputes

Fig. 1

As gastric lesions develop from inflammation to cancer, the abundance of the dominant colonizer H. pylori decreases, while that of oral-associated microbes increases. Oral-associated microbes co-occur with each other and have complex interactions with other microbes. The direct effects and indirect effects are shown by solid and dashed arrows, respectively. Created with BioRender.com.

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