Fig. 4: Microbial Metabolic Pathways Show Distinction in Functional Potential of Indian Gut Microbiome. | npj Biofilms and Microbiomes

Fig. 4: Microbial Metabolic Pathways Show Distinction in Functional Potential of Indian Gut Microbiome.

From: The adoption of a westernized gut microbiome in Indian Immigrants and Indo-Canadians is associated with dietary acculturation

Fig. 4

Pathway abundances were annotated using MetaCyc, then normalized to account for gene length and sampling depth. LEfSe (Linear discriminate analysis Effect Size) was used to test for differentially abundant microbial metabolic pathways using unstratified data. A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed with a significance (α) at 0.05 for one-against-all comparisons. Discriminate features were identified using a Linear Discriminate Analysis (LDA) score, with an LDA score equal to or greater than 3.0. Using MicrobiomeAnalyst 2.0, a heatmap was generated to display the differentially abundant pathways identified from LEfSe. Each column is a sample, and the coloured bars on top represent the cohorts. Indian (n = 61), Indo-Immigr (n = 32), Indo-Can (n = 23), Euro-Can (n = 41), Euro-Immigr (n = 23). Metabolic pathways are labelled in rows and annotated with a colour that describes their general function. Colours on the heatmap represent the relative abundances of each pathway. * L-orthinine biosynthesis I is indirectly linked with protein synthesis and also involved with urea cycle; * CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis is directly involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) production.

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