Fig. 2: LCE metamaterial with maximized temperature-induced area expansion.
From: Computational morphogenesis for liquid crystal elastomer metamaterial

a Unit cell design domain with periodic boundary conditions and targeted maximized expansion (schematics); b an intuitive design and its simulated deformed configuration for area maximization upon temperature rise; c optimized design and its simulated deformed configuration upon temperature rise with axial design symmetry; and d optimized design and its simulated deformed configuration upon temperature rise with rotational design symmetry.