Table 1 Printing process and their comparison52,56,80,133,274,285,435,436,437
Printing techniques | Printing form | Printing speed (m/min) | Linewidth (µm) | Thickness (µm) | Ink viscosity (cP) | Surface tension (mN/M) | Printing on 3D shapes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Offset lithography | Planographic | 200–500 | 10–50 | 0.5–2 | 20,000–100,000 | -- | No |
Flexography | Raised | 8–180 | 20–100 | 0.1–2.5 | 50–500 | 13.9–23 | yes |
Gravure | Sunken | 5–600 | 2–50 | 0.01–5 | 50–200 | 41–44 | no |
Screen | Stencil | 0.6–100 | 19–50 | 1–20 | 500–50,000 | 38–47 | Yes |
Inkjet | Digital | 0.02–5 | 20 | 0.5–15 | 20 | 15–25 | No |
Slot die coating | Slot die lip gap | 1–600 | 0.005–100 | 1–10,000 | 25–50 | No | |
Spray coating | Sheath gas | 6–60 | 500 | 0.005–10 | 1–30 | -- | Yes |
Reverse offset | Printing plate | 0.0001–0.1 | 0.6 | 0.05–1 | 40–100 | -- | No |
Aerosol jet | Digital | 5 | 0.1–5 | 1–2500 | <30 | Yes | |
Electrohydrodynamic | Digital | 0.06 | (<1 μm) | 0.001–0.1 | 1–10,000 | yes |
