Fig. 1: Schematic illustration of the fabrication and concept of the TONE. | npj Flexible Electronics

Fig. 1: Schematic illustration of the fabrication and concept of the TONE.

From: Mechanically guided 4D printing of a triboelectricity-driven acoustic transducer for self-powered and intelligent voice recognition

Fig. 1

a The TONE fabrication process progresses in the order of 3D printing, component attachment, selective bonding, and mechanical buckling. b FEA prediction of the shape of the TONE depending on applying or releasing strain. The results show the continuous reversibility of the mechanically guided 4D printed structure. c Von Mises stress distribution in the TONE structure during mechanical buckling. The concentrated stress occurs in the small bridge-shaped linkage. d Real image of the fabricated TONE. e Conceptual illustration of the TONE in two applications: acoustic energy harvesting for small commercial electronics and voice recognition with artificial intelligence.

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