Fig. 2: Schematic illustration of the preparation process of the PDA-AgNWs@SMA fiber for fast actuation.

a Schematic diagram of polydopamine synthesis. b Schematic diagram of the surface coating process of B-SMAc with PDA-AgNWs. Surface SEM images of: c B-SMAc; d Locally magnified area SEM images of B-SMAc; e EDS result of B-SMAc. Surface SEM images of: f PDA-AgNWs@SMAc; g locally magnified area SEM images of PDA-AgNWs@SMAc; h EDS result of PDA-AgNWs@SMAc.