Fig. 3: Flat bands by destructive interference.
From: Observation of flat bands and Dirac cones in a pyrochlore lattice superconductor
a–d Comparison of valence band electronic structure for the (a) Ru2 pyrochlore lattice only, (b) LaRu2, (c) CeRu2 and (d) CeRu2 including spin-orbit coupling (SOC). The CeRu2 lattice constant (a = 7.53 Å) is used for all structures. Symbol size reflects combined Ru \({d}_{{z}^{2}}\) + dxy + \({d}_{{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}\) orbital character, and the shaded rectangles indicate the bands originating from the destructive-interference-induced flat bands. e Comparison of k-integrated Ru-d density of states illustrating the relative energy shift and dispersion broadening of the flat bands (FBs). The Ce 4f DOS, primarily above EF, also exhibits a similar hybridization peak at −0.6 eV coincident with Ru-d DOS peak. f Side view of the BZ, with cut positions marked. g Spectral image along L – Γ – L measured with 47 eV photons. The momentum path is indicated in (f). h EDC stacks of (g) showing the Ce 4\({f}_{7/2}^{1}\) state and flat band induced by destructive interference. i Spectral image and corresponding integrated EDC (−0.2 ~ 0.2 Å) measured with 21.2 eV photons. One sharp flat band is revealed. The corresponding momentum path is indicated in (f).
