Fig. 2: Fabrication of ExpLBM-derived cartilaginous particles.

A Schematic representation of the protocol for fabricating cartilaginous particles from ExpLBM cells. B, C Fabrication of ExpLBM-derived cartilaginous particles in 96-well cell culture dish. D Histology of ExpLBM-derived cartilaginous particle. Safranin O-fast green-iron hematoxylin staining (Safranin O). Scale bars: 500 μm. E Immunofluorescence examination of cartilaginous particle. Semi-serial sections were immunostained for COL2, SOX9, and COL10. Scale bars: 500 μm. F qPCR analysis for COL2A1, SOX9, and IHH expression in cartilage particles. All values were normalized to ACTB mRNA levels (n = 3). Data are presented as the means ± SEMs. * p < 0.05.