Fig. 7: The potential mechanism of Pls on the development of AS.

HFD has a significant pro-atherogenic effect, which might be associated with provocation of AP-1 mediated inflammatory response mediated by calmodulin. In contrast, Pls supplementation effectively inhibits HFD-induced activation of MAPK signaling pathway, thereby preventing and the downstream inflammatory damage and blocking the development of HFD-related disorders, including atherosclerosis.