Table 1 Characteristics of study subjects
Maternal and neonatal characteristics | Term Birth (Controls, n = 30) | Preterm Birth (PTB, n = 18) | p-values |
|---|---|---|---|
Age at enrollment in years (median (IQR)) | 24 (6.5) | 21.5 (5) | 0.2948 |
Weight at enrollment in kg (median (IQR)) | 48 (13.5) | 48 (8.5) | 0.3704 |
Height at enrollment in cm (median (IQR)) | 151.2 (5.3) | 154.15 (6.17) | 0.0691 |
Body mass index (BMI) in kg/m² (median (IQR)) | 21.49 (4.23) | 20.12 (3.39) | 0.1169 |
Negative HIV test (n (%)) | 30 (100) | 18 (100) | |
Maternal Ethnic background (n (%)): | 0.1018 | ||
Burmese | 8 (26.67) | 9 (50) | 0.2669 |
Karen | 22 (73.33) | 9 (50) | 0.4384 |
Gravida (n (%)): | |||
1 | 11 (36.67) | 8 (44.44) | 0.5937 |
2 | 9 (30) | 8 (44.44) | 0.3111 |
≥ 3 | 10 (33.33) | 2 (11.11) | 0.2598 |
Basic literacy (reading and writing) skills (n (%)): | 0.6228 | ||
Yes | 22 (73.33) | 12 (66.67) | 0.8381 |
No | 8 (26.67) | 6 (33.33) | 0.7173 |
Prenatal antibiotic exposure overall (n (%)): | 5 (16.6) | 11 (61.1) | 0.0049 |
1st trimester | 0 (0) | 1 (5.5) | 0.192 |
2nd trimester | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 0.4337 |
3rd trimester | 1 (3.3) | 2 (1.1) | 0.2812 |
Delivery | 5 (16.6) | 8 (44.4) | 0.036 |
Mode of delivery (n (%)): | 0.4337 | ||
Vaginal | 29 (96.66) | 18 (100) | 0.9361 |
Cesarean section | 1 (3.33) | 0 (0) | 0.4414 |
No history of smoking (n (%)) | 30 (100) | 18 (100) | |
Gestational age at delivery in days (median (IQR)) | 279.5 (13.5) | 253.5 (16.75) | <0.0001 |
Birth weight in Kg (median (IQR)) | 3.07 (0.42) | 2.26 (0.53) | <0.0001 |
Infant length at birth in cm (median (IQR)) | 48.8 (1.7) | 45.6 (3) | <0.0001 |
Infant head circumference in cm (median (IQR)) | 33 (1.2) | 31 (1.75) | <0.0001 |
Infant gender (n (%)): | 0.7091 | ||
Male | 15 (50) | 10 (55.56) | 0.8349 |
Female | 15 (50) | 8 (44.44) | 0.8240 |
