Table 3 Characteristics of study participants.

From: Differential effects of changes in cardiorespiratory fitness on worst- and best- school subjects

Variables

7th grade

9th grade

N

469

 

Girls/boys

214/255

 

Household incomea

3 (1)

 

Maternal educationa

3 (1)

 

BMI (kg/m2)

19 (3)

20 (3)

Lowest GP

3 (1)

3 (1)

Highest GP

4 (1)

4 (1)

Cardiorespiratory fitness

5 (2)

6 (2)

Learning timea, b

5 (1)

5 (2)

  1. Values are presented as N or mean (SD).
  2. BMI body mass index, GP grade point.
  3. aThese measures were assessed by using a five-point scale: household income, 1 = <2 million yen, 2 = 2 to 4 million yen, 3 = 4 to 6 million yen, 4 = 6 to 8 million yen, 5 = >8 million yen; maternal education, 1 = junior high school, 2 = high school, 3 = vocational school, 4 = junior college, 5 = undergraduate studies; learning time, 1 = <30 min, 2 = 30 min to 1 h, 3 = 1 to 2 h, 4 = 2 to 3 h, 5 = >3 h.
  4. bThis score is presented as the sum of scores on weekdays and weekends.
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