Fig. 1: The phenotypic regression model and the decomposed regression models.

Top panel: the phenotypic regression model. The regression residual is denoted res. Bottom panel: the A + D regression model and the E regression model. These E and A + D models decompose the phenotypic regression results into A + D (based on ΣA + ΣD) and unshared environmental E regression results (based on ΣE). The covariates (SES, sex, and rater) are not depicted.