Fig. 2: The causal model. | npj Science of Learning

Fig. 2: The causal model.

From: The relationship of school performance with self-control and grit is strongly genetic and weakly causal

Fig. 2

The causal model with background A, D (not shown), and E correlations is represented by dashed double-headed arrows, shown in green. SP school performance, SC self-control. The parameters bSP,SC and bSP,Grit, shown in red, are the causal regression coefficients. The residual in the regression of SP on SC and Grit is denoted res. To avoid clutter, the Ds (and for each phenotype) and the covariates (SES, sex, and rater) are not depicted.

Back to article page