Table 3 Multigroup growth curve model results for academic self-concept, with initial levels of stereotype awareness (intercept) predicting initial levels of self-concept (intercept) for RQ3, initial levels of stereotype awareness (intercept) predicting changes (slope) in self-concept for RQ4, and changes (slope) in stereotype awareness predicting changes (slope) in self-concept for RQ5.

School track	Lowest track				Combined track				Higher track
Parameter	b	SE	Est/SE	p	b	SE	Est/SE	p	b	SE	Est/SE	p
Intercept of academic self-concept
RQ3: Intercept of stereotypes	−0.069	0.068	−1.016	0.348	−0.137	0.074	−1.856	0.095	−0.251	0.073	−3.444	0.001
Slope of stereotypes	0.005	0.111	0.041	0.967	0.075	0.076	0.99	0.322	0.048	0.102	0.467	0.640
Gender	0.112	0.034	3.309	0.001	0.066	0.041	1.606	0.108	0.042	0.039	1.06	0.289
Socioeconomic background	0.024	0.020	1.198	0.231	0.009	0.019	0.482	0.630	0.028	0.019	1.478	0.140
Migration background	−0.027	0.044	−0.624	0.533	−0.040	0.130	−0.304	0.761	0.050	0.049	1.036	0.300
Changes in academic self-concept (slope)
RQ4: Intercept of stereotypes	0.018	0.085	0.211	0.833	0.042	0.081	0.516	0.833	0.019	0.068	0.282	0.833
RQ5: Slope of stereotypes	−0.104	0.152	−0.683	0.636	−0.102	0.086	−1.186	0.424	−0.182	0.109	−1.674	0.424
Gender	−0.073	0.047	−1.533	0.125	0.030	0.042	0.715	0.474	0.118	0.041	2.900	0.004
Socioeconomic background	−0.020	0.024	−0.838	0.402	0.011	0.022	0.504	0.614	−0.035	0.025	−1.414	0.157
Migration background	0.041	0.053	0.777	0.437	0.185	0.145	1.282	0.200	−0.014	0.045	−0.309	0.757

RQ = research question. Gender: 0 = female, 1 = male; Migration background: 0 = without, 1 = with; Statistically significant p-values (p < 0.05) are printed in bold. The Benjamini-Hochberg correction was applied to all p-values related to a research question (separately for each research question).

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