Fig. 2: A minimal network model of cancer metabolism.
From: Computational modeling of cancer cell metabolism along the catabolic-anabolic axes
AMPK, HIF-1, and Myc serve as the master regulators of cancer metabolism and regulate both catabolic processes (glycolysis, glucose oxidation, glutamine oxidation, and fatty acid oxidation) and anabolic processes. The intracellular glucose can be used for glycolysis, glucose oxidation, and anabolic processes. The intracellular fatty acids can be used for oxidation and anabolic processes. The intracellular glutamine can be metabolized via glutamine oxidation, synthesis of glutathione (GSH), or reductive carboxylation. The metabolites generated in the metabolic pathways, mtROS, noxROS acetyl-CoA, and ATP, can in turn regulate AMPK and HIF-1. The black arrows/bar-headed arrows represent excitatory/inhibitory regulatory links. The purple dotted lines represent metabolic pathways. The magenta arrows represent the distribution of glucose, fatty acid, and glutamine into different metabolic pathways. The magenta dashed lines represent fatty acid biosynthesis from glucose or glutamine.
