Table 4 Results of grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluations (GRADE) review of interventions to increase vaccine uptake during pregnancy
Intervention | No. of studies | Certainty | Risk of bias | Im-precision | In-consistency | Indirect-ness | Publication bias | Plain language summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient-level interventions | 18 | Low | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Patient-level interventions may have little or no effect on vaccine uptake compared to standard care |
Patient education | 9 | Low | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Patient education may have little or no effect on vaccine uptake compared to standard care |
Patient or family incentive rewards | 2 | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Patient or family incentives may have little or no effect on vaccine uptake compared to standard care |
Persuasive messaging | 2 | Very low | Moderate | Very low | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Whether persuasive messaging increases vaccine uptake compared with standard care is very uncertain |
Patient reminders/recall | 3 | Very Low | High | Very Low | High | Low | Moderate | Whether patient reminders increase vaccine uptake compared to standard care is very uncertain. |
Patient-held immunization records | 1 | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Patient-held immunization records may have little or no effect on vaccine uptake compared to standard care |
Provider or systems-level interventions | 11 | Very Low | Moderate | Low | Very Low | Low | Moderate | Whether provider or systems-level interventions increase vaccine uptake compared to standard care is very uncertain |
AFIX program | 3 | Very Low | Moderate | Low | Very Low | Low | Moderate | Whether Assessment, Feedback, Incentive, and eXchange programs increase vaccine uptake compared to standard care is very uncertain |
Vaccine delivery systems | 2 | Very Low | Low | Low | Very Low | Low | Moderate | Whether variations to vaccine delivery systems increase vaccine uptake compared to standard care is very uncertain |
Performance-based financing | 2 | Very Low | Moderate | Very Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Whether performance-based financing increases vaccine uptake compared to standard care is very uncertain |
Provider reminders | 1 | Very low | Very low | Low | Very Low | Very Low | Low | Whether provider reminders increase vaccine uptake compared to standard care is very uncertain |
Mobile health platforms | 1 | Very low | Very low | Moderate | Low | Very Low | Low | Whether mobile health platforms increase vaccine uptake compared to standard care is very uncertain |
Socially accountable medical education | 1 | Very Low | Low | Very Low | Very Low | Very Low | Low | Whether socially accountable medical education increases vaccine uptake compared to standard care is very uncertain |
Patient and provider or systems-level interventions | 6 | Very Low | Moderate | Low | Very Low | Low | Moderate | Whether patient and provider or systems-level interventions increase vaccine uptake compared to standard care is very uncertain |
