Fig. 2: Fluaxe-vaccination elicited broad humoral immunity.
From: Chimeric hemagglutinin and M2 mRNA vaccine for broad influenza subtype protection
A A schematic diagram of mice immunization and prime-boost vaccination was executed on Days 0 and 14. Female BALB/c mice were injected via i.m. with Fluaxe (5 μg for each mRNA) or empty LNP per mouse (n = 5) and boosted with an equivalent dose. Sera were collected on Days 7, 14, 21, and 28, respectively, for antibody analysis. Lungs and spleens were harvested on Day 28 to analyze cellular immunity. Splenocytes were collected on Day 104 for memory T or B cell detection. Created in BioRender. Li (2025) https://BioRender.com/bithl81. B Specific IgG antibodies against H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, H7N9, IBV/Victoria, and IBV/Yamagata were measured by ELISA. Data were shown as Mean ± SEM. Significance was determined by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s test for multiple comparisons (**p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). Neutralizing antibodies of sera collected on Day 28 against H1N1, H3N2, IBV/Victoria, and IBV/Yamagata influenza viruses were detected by C MN and D HAI assays, respectively. E Neutralizing responses against H5- and H7-containing viruses were measured by HAI assay. Each symbol represents one mouse, and sera from five mice were assessed. Multiple t-tests with correction for multiple comparisons by the Holm-Å Ãdák method were used to calculate p values relative to the control LNP group (n.s. not significant; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). F Pseudotype neutralizing assays were performed using influenza pseudovirus bearing multiple group 1 and group 2 HAs (HA1-16). Detection of 50% pseudovirus neutralization titer (PNT50) of sera from immunized mice. The sera from five mice per group were pooled and tested in triplicate. Significance was calculated using two-tailed unpaired t-tests.
