Fig. 1: LMEM analysis showing positive bivariate relationships among the removal efficiency (%) of total nitrogen (TNRE), total phosphorus (TPRE), chemical oxygen demand (CODRE), and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-NRE).
From: Sustainability of global small-scale constructed wetlands for multiple pollutant control
a The research sites were geographically distributed across five continents: Asia, America, Africa, Europe, and Oceania. b, c Pairwise relationships between pollutant removals in LMEM. A standardized coefficient >0 indicates a positive effect between the two pollutant removals, and a standardized coefficient <0 indicates a negative effect. Error bars are 95% CIs. d, e The interrelationship of the four pollutant removals. Slope_PRE >0 indicates a synergistic relationship between the pairwise pollutant removals, and slope_PRE <0 denotes an antagonistic relationship.
