Fig. 7: Arsenic removal from real groundwater samples.

Arsenic concentration profiles over a 240-min treatment period for five different real groundwater samples collected from Tongyu County, Jilin Province, China. The experiments were conducted using the optimized symmetric-AEM FCDI system. The dashed horizontal line indicates the World Health Organization drinking water guideline of 10 micrograms per liter. Experiments were conducted once (n = 1) to assess the performance under these specific conditions.