Extended Data Fig. 8: RNA sequencing of human mesenchymal stem cells-differentiated chondrocytes after SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stimulation. | Nature Microbiology

Extended Data Fig. 8: RNA sequencing of human mesenchymal stem cells-differentiated chondrocytes after SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stimulation.

From: Blockade of endothelin receptors mitigates SARS-CoV-2-induced osteoarthritis

Extended Data Fig. 8

a, b, Top upregulated KEGG pathways comparing (a) SAE or (b) SP-treated hMSCs-differentiated chondrocytes with control. n = 3 for each group. Cellular senescence pathway was upregulated only in SAE-treated cells. c, Heatmap showing selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to cellular senescence with p < 0.05, highlighting p15 and p21. d, Heatmap showing upregulation of inflammatory cytokines (yellow arrows) and increased OPG/RANKL ratio (red arrows) under stimulation by the combination of spike protein, anti-spike protein antibody S1 and endothelin-1 (SAE). Three biological replicates for each group.

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