Fig. 2: Faecal microbiota from patients with HCC impairs gut barrier function and promotes bacteria translocation to the liver in germ-free mice with or without DEN treatment.
a, Quantitative analysis of TEM, Alcian blue staining, E-cad IHC staining and Cy3-conjugated EUB338 probe FISH of colon tissues. n = 6 biologically independent samples. b, Quantitative analysis of bacterial culture of liver tissues under anaerobic and aerobic conditions with quantitative analysis. n = 8 (GFD/PBS), 16 (GFD/HD-FMT), 17 (GFD/LC-FMT), 15 (GFD/HCC-FMT), 6 (GF/PBS), 12 (GF/HD-FMT), 16 (GF/HCC-FMT) mice. c, Representative TEM images of colon tissues and liver tissues in GFD/HCC-FMT mice and representative TEM image of liver tissues in GF/HCC-FMT mice. n = 3 independent experiments with similar results. d, Stacked bar plot of relative abundance of culturable bacterial strains as determined by microbial mass spectrometry identification. e, Absolute number of K. pneumoniae (KP) in human faeces (left), mice faeces (middle) and mice liver tissues (right) as detected by qPCR. n = 10 biologically independent samples. f, Representative images (left) and quantification (right) of Cy3-conjugated K. pneumoniae probe FISH detection in mice liver tissues. n = 6 biologically independent samples. In a (excluding tight junction disappear rate), b (excluding liver with living bacteria) and f, data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. Each data point in bar plots represents one mouse. Tight junction disappearance rate and liver with living bacteria were analysed using Fisher’s exact test. Unless otherwise stated, statistical significance was calculated using one-way ANOVA. Adjustments were made for multiple comparisons.
